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The twentieth-century Latin American political landscape can be characterized by cyclical democracy and dictatorship. Cooperative dictatorships emerged in the 1970s that employed state-sponsored terror tactics to thwart a perceived subversive threat. In order to attract national and international attention, several survivors have converted their experience as desaparecidos or disappeared into powerful narratives that chronicle their struggle. This thesis will analyze the theatrical work of Ariel Dorfman entitled La muerte y la doncella (1992), and the creative non-fiction work of Alicia Partnoy entitled La escuelita (1986). The core of the thesis will examine how torture affects memory, and how the preservation of these memories through literary texts shapes the collective history of Chile and Argentina specifically. Moreover, this examination will explore the manner in which each text functions as an intermediary in the memory transference process from the individual to the collective. The authors and their respective texts were selected because of their primary experience with the subject matter: torture. Dorfman and Partnoy were both victims of the disappearance campaigns and have become preeminent authors by chronicling the Latin American torture epoch they survived.

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